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Arthur de Bretagne,
Earl of Richmond
Full name
:
Arthur of BRETAGNE called RICHEMONT.
Nickname
: "The dispenser of justice"
or "Scarface".
Birth
:
August 24, 1393, in Suscinio's Castle (Morbihan).
Death
: December
26, 1458, in Nantes (Loire-Atlantique).
Titles of nobility
: Duke
of Touraine, Earl of Richmond (Yorkshire), count de Dreux and Ivry
(Eure), Etampes (Essonne),
Montfort-l'Amaury (Yvelines),
Baron of Parthenay (Deux-Sèvres), Lord of Le Goëlo
(Côtes-d'Armor), Gavre (Loire-Atlantique), Coudray-Salbart,
(Deux-Sèvres), Le Hac (Le Quiou, Côtes-d'Armor), Vouvant (Vendée)
and other places, Duke of Brittany in 1457
(Artus III).
Official and
military functions
:
constable of France (mars 7, 1425).
Father
:
Jean IV († 1399), Duke of Brittany.
Mother
:
Jeanne, Navarre's Infant.
Paternal grandfathers
:
Jean de Montfort († 1345) and
Jeanne de Flandre.
Maternal
grandfathers
:
Charles le Mauvais, King of Navarre († 1387) and Jeanne de France (†
1373).
Wife
:
1° 1423 Marguerite de Bourgogne († 1442), Duchess of Guyenne,
daughter of Jean the Fairless, 2° 1442 Jeanne d'Albret († 1444),
countess of Dreux, 3° 1445 Catherine de Luxembourg († 1492).
Descendants
:
Jacquette bâtarde de Richemont (legitimate in 1443).
Shield-of-arms
:
Ermine a label Gules three piece on each three leopards Or.
Crest: a crowned
lion Or, horns sejant between two Ermine on a chapeau Gules turn up
Ermine, mantled Ermine doubled Gules.
Emblem
:
a boar near an oak, with motto: "Que qui le
vueille".
Presence at the side of Joan of
Arc in :
Beaugency, Patay.
Comments
: Arthur de Bretagne, Earl of
Richmond (called in French "Richemont"), Duke of Touraine,
Count of Dreux, Etampes, Montfort and Ivry, Baron of
Parthenay. Second son of Jean IV († 1399), Duke of Brittany,
and his third wife Jeanne, infant of Navarre (then she
remarried to Henry IV of England).
In 1424, joined the party
of Charles VII, which makes him the Constable of France, on
March 7, 1425.
Fallen in disgrace, decides nevertheless to
come to aid of Orléans and fights to Patay. He
returns in King's favour in 1433 and was the best one of
Charles VII's supports. He enters triumphantly Paris in
April 17, 1436. Winner to the battle of Formigny with the
Count of Clermont on April 15, 1450.
He becomes Duke of
Brittany in 1457 with the name of Artus III.
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